We discuss the economic consequences of tariffs, why governments use them, and whether they actually achieve their intended goals.

This response to a UK parliamentary inquiry assesses how the Scottish Government is funded, including via the Barnett formula and Fiscal Framework.

What factors contribute to ethnic gaps in private pension participation rates, and how might these gaps impact future ...

What are the drivers of ethnic gaps in private pension participation rates and what consequences will these gaps have for ...

"Shifting the performance of an entire economy requires a long-term, consistent and persistent direction." Paul Johnson ...

Rising interest rates could put the government on track to miss its fiscal rules. What are the Chancellor’s options?

New estimates by the Institute for Fiscal Studies (IFS) find that growth in mainstream school funding per pupil in England in 2025–26 (2.8% in cash terms) won’t be sufficient to cover the expected ...

We study ten years of reforms in the United Kingdom which increased the ERA for women from 60 to 66.

Between 2006 and 2024, the proportion of 25- to 34-year-olds living with their parents increased from 13% to 18%, hitting a peak of 21% during the COVID-19 pandemic before falling back slightly. The 5 ...

The proportion of funding directed to higher-level apprenticeships (level 4 and above) has trebled between 2017–18 and 2021–22 from 13% to 39%.