3.1 UPR molecules and T cell activation When T cells contact with an APC, the T cell receptor (TCR) activation induces a series of intracellular pathways that result in the activation of the UPR. This ...
The three-signal paradigm tries to capture how the innate immune system instructs adaptive immune responses in three well-defined actions: (1) presentation of antigenic peptides in the context of MHC ...
Prolonged illnesses like cancer and chronic infections often leave the immune system in a state of exhaustion, where its frontline defenders – T cells – lose their ability to function effectively.